Safety



W. S. LEVN.

AUTGMAUC RAIN SIGNAL AND STO?,

APPUCAUON mw MR2-1, |9`15-` j@ mmf UNTTED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

WALTER S. LEVIN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONALSAFETY APPLIANCE COMPANY, OF SAN TIO'N OF CALIFORNIA.

FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A COBPORA- AUTOMATIC TRAIN SIGNAL AND STOP.

Specification of Lettet atent.

Patented June 2, 191%).

To 117/ trimm if may concern.'

Bc it known that l, Kuren S. LEviN. a citizen ol the lluited States` anda resident of San Francisco. county ot Sau Francisco. State ot'California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAutomatio Train Signals and Stops', of which the tollowingr is a.specification.

The objects ot the invention will fully appear to one skilled in theartr from the hercinatter description taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings in which the sa me reference character indicatesthe same part in the. several views.

Figure. l of the drawing is a diagrammatic view of certain features otthe invention used in signalinff.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the invention as used in signaling andtrain Stopping, certain ot the parts being;` shown 'in ditl'erentpositions than shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 5% is a side elevation.y certain parts heing broken away` of' atrack. the eab and part. ot' a locomotive and tender Showing theinvention applied thereto.

Fig. -l is an elevation ot a casing mounted in the cal) of the engine,containing certain parts ot the. signaling and train stopping mechanism.

Fig. :'i is a top plan view ot certain parts of the apparatun viewed online of Fig. 8.

Fig. (t is a sidef elevation partly in section of the train magnet.

Fig. 7 ia a cross section ofthe. same on line 7 ot Fig. 6.

On the. drawing the part marked A represents a' railway track orroadbed, B part of a locomotive, B the cab thereof, C the tenderl and C'a truck under the, tender. Signals are. transmitted tothe ab by meansot' a series of powerful electro-magnets l0 located longitudinally ofthe, track in staggered relation to each other between the rails. Themeans for controlling the operation of the magnet are not shown indetail hut the windings of the magnet are illustrated as connected byconducting Wires 11 and l2 to a battery 13 by which the, magnet isenergized. ln the construction of this magnet, shown, the. ends1 of thecore l0 extend 1beyond the winding;r or spool and are provided with thepole pieces l0", the upper ends.; ol' each ot' these` pole. pieces beingwid-- .cned or enlarged as more clearly shown in FigLf ol' the. drawing.The magnet ma \Y he inclosed in a caelng l-l provided with a cover l5,having downwardly turned ends li', to secure a tight 'oint. '.lo thecasing is secured L-shapcd hraclcts 1T h v which the makina-t or itscasing iS fastened to the. cross ties ot the roadbed. To prevent themagnet from heine; injured by any of the gear of the train a shoe 20,which may he made ot wood or other suitable material, beveled orinclined upwardly toward the magnet. placed al each end ot the magnetas' yshown. and the end of theV shoe` next to the magnet may he` reinAforced with a piece of angle iron 2l. Secured heueath the tender ot'tht` engine and preferably to the truck thereof is a. cross har 22. towhich is bolted a set ot four induction magnets These magnets arelocated on this cross har in pairs toward the rails leav ing' asullicient. space at the center to prevent interference by any of thcequipment ot' the. track or running gear ot the` train. The, magnets l0are so lo ated ou the track that aA eorresponding magnct .25 will pass'directly over it when the train is moving' and the. cross har is solocated that the magnets 5 will he a suitable distance above' themagnets lll, about three. inches as now eonslrueteel. Each of themagnets 25 is: ot' special conv struetion and consist of two coils 2liwound in the form of circular hohbins. an iron core 2T projectingthrough the bohhins and provided with extended pole pieces 3S and aniron har 30 secured to an cud ot' each core.. The coiln are connected byconductors 3l which may pass through a ieee ot pipe to protect the.same... the ends o .the pipe being secured to the hohhins. Leading` fromthe. coils or bohhins are the. comluctore 32 and 325 which connect thecoils in series with a relay 3l and a battery the said eoils and the.coils ot the relay being ot relativel \v high resistance, and as thevoltage of the hattery supplying the coils is 2.8. only a small amount.ot' current is necessary to hold the, armature St in its normally closedposition. Although the amount of current consumed by the. relay iscomparatively small` the magnot is snilnriently powerful to prevent thecontacts from accidentally opening hy vibration or jar of tratlicconditions.

Located in the cab of the engine is a casing 40 in whifh are tourelectro-magnetic controlled air oalves 45. three lor controlling ill thvlamp Signals T1 and Signal whistles 44, and thv fourth tor vontrolliugthe vent` ot the automatic hrakv mechanism aa well as a gnal whistle. Aset` of lamp signals is placed in the front` and rear ot' the eah sothat the ifIn.1l.--` ma)v he observed hy the en- ;inv dri ver when theengine is moving either hacltward or forward. The valve and controllingapparatus are alilu` and a description ot' one will answer for all.

ll i a valve vasing which is connected to thv air upplv pipe 4Q. Il isanother air pipe hauling from the easing and to whivh is attaehvtl theAaignal whistle 44. 471 is a valve in the vanne' to control thv suppl)rof air thereto. lt'l is a lever vonnvvtvd to thv casing Jui contactswith the Stem of the valve to heilt the valve to its Seat. :'10 is amagnet to vontrol thv valve 45 and it in So constructed that it vannotatti-avt its armature 51 after thv circuit haaJ heen hroken but thearmature must hv mauualliv restored. To acvomplish this the armature iaprovided with a Stem 58 which projvets through an opening 54 in the vuilot' the lever. Secured to the stem is a patv or liek a' and surroundingthe stem livhiw the disk is a eoil spring 56. thv lower vnd of thespring hearing against another diak 5l' loos-1e ou the armature Stem,the spring forcing the latter disk into engagement with the lever 4G.The outer end of the armature stem is provided with a deprvasiug: knoll5H. The magnet is connect/ed in series with a contact or armature 34 ofthe relay 214 and to the battery 35 through the wires titl` 212 and 61,the Same hattvry 1ovini? need for ysupplying current for thv revvivingvoil of the induction magnets. relays, valves and lamps. 'T0 is a`spring contact to one mvmhvr T of whivh is connvvtvd the vonductiug wirvfil, and in thiI wire is the yaiggnal lamp 7l. The other mvmher 70 ofthv spring contact is connvetvd to a conduct.- ing: wire 63 which leadsto the hatterv 35 through the wire 42. All of thv wires Jlrom theinduction magnets may he plaeed in a cahle T whivh extends under thvtender and up through the eab to the hox 40. This vahlo ia provided atsuitable places with eonuvvting plugfa TP and 77 so that the vahle vanhe readily luokvn or dvtaehed.

The operation of the derive is as follows: Vi'hvn thv lovomotive istraveling along the track and ouv of the traelc mag-nets 1t) ispro'lwrly energized. to cause a signal or to stop thv train. as thecorresponding influetion magnet passes through thc'ivld of thv trachmagia-t a current is generated by induction in the Said magnet .5 whichis more powerful than and flownl in the opposite direction to thcbattery current normail; flowing in the coils 26 of thv Said in duftionmagnet. The action of the. induced vinrent in the coils 26 momentarilyreverses the magnetism of the relay 34 and permits the arnmture 34thereof to drop. thus: breaking the circuit of the cah a iparatus.(lul)v a momentary operation ot the relay is necessary to properlytransmit, a signal or canoe the Iatoppiug mechanism to he opvratvd. Thecah apparatus has to he. manually restored to normal position after therelay has opened its` vontactJ for an extremely brief interval. 'Ihehatterv current ia used through the inl Y. duction coil to giveprotvvtu'ni against tnv.

loose-ning or breaking ot' an)Y wire or connection` and while notessential to the avtual operation ot' the apllaratua` it is ahsolutviynecvsaary to lguard against any accident to wires and so forth. Thisinterruption of the circuit momentarily dvinerlg'izva` the magnet andreleases the armature hl. whereupon the pressure ot' air in the supplypipe 42 unseata the valve l5, whereupon thv air raalte through the Yalveeasing l1 into thv pipe It and hlows the whistle 44. 'hvn thv valve isunsvatvd thv lever t6 is raised and the .spring 5G. which is normallyunder a light pressure, is further compressed vauving the disk to pressthe contaet mvmher 7H againety the vontavt` ntemhvr Ttr. cloninpr thelamp vircuit. The construction ia auch that. the action of thv springwhen the armature -is releaavd will not force the dial; :'15 to vloavthe lmnp cireuit` unless the lever is lifted high enough h v the valve lto gire thv` spring additional pressure. 'l`hv ohject ot' this is toeeonomize hattvlwv currvnt h v preventing the lamp from burning whenthe. engine iS in the round house and all the valves are, released hyreason of the reversing Switch being in the. off position. To rv Storethe armature. the knob F18 is depressed, This forces the armature 5linto contaet with the coil 50. which being energized. haw ing been onlymomentarily` dviinvrgized upon the release of the armature ill, hold`the armature down to its normal position. When the armature. is forcedto its nortnai position the disk 55 moves1 out of eontact, with theSpring member which moves to normal position, opening? the lamp circuit.AS the knoh is pressed downward the lever 46 Seats the valve and vut?.oH" the supply of air to the signal whistle, the magnet through itsarmature holding the lever down so that the valve cannot he released.The. valve controlling the automatic stop mechanism operatea in the samemanner as in the Signal apparatus, the only difference in constructionhein that the pipe 43 lead` to an auto matic va ve which operates toreduce the preasure in the train pipe'til which eauses the brakes to heapplied in the usual manner, and the whistle 44 is connected to hvoperated hy the air flowing: through pipe 43. as more fully shown iuFig. 2. The automatie valve 80 must he reset` hy the engineer leaviup;the eabhefore the brakes van be released.

Various changes may be made in certain til'l will 1.17 the train magnet,a va details of the apparatus without departing from the spirit ot' the,same and it may be here Stated that a polarized relay will respondcorrectly to the current lgenerated in the induction magnet, but` thesimpler form lshown and described in detail is preferable, as it ischeaper to manufacture and it. is l'onnd to be perfectly reliable.

It also apparent that as the current', normally continuously flowsthrough the various eireuits, any interruption of the eurreut from anyeauae will ydenergii/.e the magn net and cause a visible and audiblealarm to be given.

What I claim as new and desire toseeure by Lettera Patent, ist# l. ln atrain Signaling and Stopping apparat-ue, a single magnet Secured to theroad bed` a Single induction magnet carried by the train` a normallyeloaed relay eonnected to the aaid induetion magnet. a `ig4 ualing andStopping device, a magnet ronneeted to the relay to control thesignaling and stopping deviem Said magnet being normally energized, saidparte being operated when the road bed magnet is energized and while,the induction magnet ia passing;r through the field of the road bedmagnet to produce a current of greater strength than the normal relaycurrent.

2. In a train Signaling and stopping apparatus, a magnet Secured to theroad beth an induction magnet carried by the train`y a normally closedrelay connected to the iuduetou magnet, a separate oir ruit for Aaaidrelay, a stopping device and an audible Signal. a magnet eonnef-ted tothe rt ay vii-ruit and controlling the stopping devine and the audibleSignal, yaid parte being operated when the road bed magnet ivi energizedand while the induetion magnet in passing through the field of the roadbed magnet to produce a. current otl greater strength than the normalcurrent ol the separate relay circuit, a visual Signal, and meanscontrolled by the stopping device magnet forloperating the visualsignal.

1i. ln a eombined train Signaling and stopping apparatus, afsinglemagnet Secured on the roadbed, a -single magnet carried by the trainand` movable within the field of the track magnet whereby inducedcurrents of greater Strength than normal are produced in tbe trainmagnet, a valve` a signaling and `atopping device Controlled by the Saidvalve, u ane for normallyY holding the Said valve elosed and means torelease `Qaid induced current is produced in the train y magnet.

ennibiued train signaling and Stopping apparatu, a magnet secured totheroad bed, a yingle magnet carried b v the train and movable within thefield of the track magnet whereby induced currents are produced in lve,a. signaling and the valve when stopping deviee eontrolled by thesaidwalve, means `for normally holding the said valve closed and meansto release the valve when Said induced current, is produeed in thesingle train magnet.

ln a train signaling and stopping paratus, a single magnet eeeured onthe roadbed, a single magnet. carried by tbe train and movable Withinthe field ot the roadbed magnet whereby induced currents are produced inthe train magnet` a normally closed relay eonuetted to the winding ol'the train magnet, a valve raming, au air supply pipe eonneeted to thecasing`r an air outlet pipe leading from the easing, a signal vvhistleconnected to the outlet pipe. a valve in the casing controlling tbesupply ol` air and means tor releasing the valve from its seat, ,aaidmeans inrluding a u'iagnet ronneeted to the relay eireuit.

ti. ln a train lsignaling and :dripping apn paratn`-a single magnet4aeeured on` the road bed, a single magnet carried by tlv train andmovable within the lield ola roadbed magnet whereby indut'ed rui'renlsare produced in the train magneha normally closed relay connected to thewinding ot' the t ain magY net, a valve eaaingr` an air y upply pipe eoineeted to the easing and an air outlet pipe leading l'rom the using. a,signal whistle connected to the outlet pipe, a. valve in the easingcontrolling the anpply of air,y means Jr'or releasing the valve from itsseat, Aand meansineliuling a normally energized magnet connected to therelay eireuit and means for manually reaeating the valve and means `forcausing the last named magnet to hold the valve to its seat.

7, ln a train signalingA and `topping ap retratos, a single magnetsecured on the roadbed, a aingle magnet earried by the train and movablewithin the lield of the trae-lt magnet whereby eui'renta` are indueed inthetrain magnet when the track magnet is energized, a normally energizedrelay eonnected to the windings` ot' the train magnet. a valve casing,an air supply pipeeonneetedto said casing, a Signal whistle connected tosaid easing, a valve in the ezsing .adapted to open and close the airaupply pipe. a lever for holding the valve to its seat, a magnet havingan'armature with a. stem thereon, the said lever being connected to theal't'mature, a circuit, eonneet'ing the magnet' and the relay, a eontaetin the. eireuit adapted to be operated on the movement of the armature.

55. ln a train signaling and Stopping aparatus, a Single magnet leeeuredon the. roadbed, a Single magnet carried by the train and movable withinthe field of the track 'magnet whereby currentA are ndneed in the trainmagnet when the trat-k magnet is energized, a normally energized relayconnected to the windings of the train magllt) net, u vulve easing, en:nir supply pipe connected to said easing, u si rnul whistle connectedto seid causing, u va ve in the easing ndupted to open und close the ersupply pipe, e lever for holding the vulve to its sent, n normullyenergized magnet huving un armature with u stein thereon, said leverheilig connected lo the armature, e eireuit ronnertino the nmgnet undrelay, u signal lump in the circuit und [L eonteet in the eireuitadapted to be operated on the movement ol the armature.

U. 1n e train signaling und stopping upperntus :i single magnet securedon the roudhed, n single magnet carried by the train und movable withinthe field of the truck magnet whereby currents ere induced in the treinmagnet when the track magnet is energized, :L normally energized relayronneeted to the windings of the trein magnet, n` vulve casing, un uirsupply pipe connected to seid casing, n signal whistle con-- nested tosaid easing, a signal whistle end :i trein stop vulve operated by airpassing through the casing, a vulve 1n the easing udnpl'ed to open undclose the air supply pipe, :L lever for holding the vulve to its sent,u. normally energized muguet having :in armature with u stem thereon,seid lever being eonneeted to the armature, e circuit eonneetin f themagnet und relay, a signal lump in t ie circuit end u Contact in thecireuit' adapted to he operated on the movement of the Ilirnuiture.

10. 1n e trein signeling und stopping aippuretus, u muguet consisting of:L circuler bohhin, :i core pussing through the bobbin, lield piecesconnected to un end of eeeh eore, seid field pieces being widened orenlarged :it their upper or free ends, u eusing to reeeive the muguet,seid eusing huving u cover provided with downwardly turned ends undbrackets secured to the resin lo secure the magnet to the treek und delecb ing protectors for said mugnet.

11. In e trein Signaling and stopping nppuretus, n umgnet secured to theroadbed, deflecting protertors also secured to the roadbed and situatedadjacent to und independent of the magnet, and arranged longitudinallyof the roedbed.

In witness whereof I. have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco, countyof Sen Fruneisuo, Stute of Californian, this 19th dey of April, 1915.

WA L'llflR S. Ll VI N.

In presence of- S. A. Bos'rNICK, Geenen C. FAULKNER.

